Оцінка гідрохімічних показників води озера Синевир та його притоків

Abstract

Lake Synevyr is the decoration of the Ukrainian Carpathians. It is fed by four tributaries, and one stream originates from the lake. In recent years, the anthropogenic load on Lake Synevyr and its coastal part has increased, primarily due to recreational activities. To evaluation the state of the water of Lake Synevyr, we used hydrochemical parameters, such as total dissolved solids, рН, chloride (Cl-), bicarbonate (HCO3 -), sulphate (SO4 2-), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na+), nitrate (NO3 -), nitrite NO2 -, NH4 +, content of products and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). Petroleum products were not found in the water of Lake Synevyr and its tributaries. The hydrochemical parameters of the water of Lake Synevyr change with depth, in particular increasing content of chloride (mg×L-1, 4.9 ® 5.5 ® 6.1), bicarbonate (mg×L-1, 42.7 ® 61.0 ® 61.1), sulphate (mg×L-1, 45.7 ® 50.9 ® 62.5), calcium (mg×L-1, 16.5 ® 19.6 ® 24.9), sodium (mg×L-1, 28.5 ® 31.1 ® 39.6) and total dissolved solids (mg×L-1, 132 ® 168 ® 185), however, decreases рН (7.4 ¬ 6.8 ¬ 6.7) and content of magnesium (mg×L-1, 6.7 ¬ 6.0 ¬ 5.7). The surface waters of Lake Synevyr contain a relatively high content of organic compounds (by indicator BOD5, 4.3±0.2 mgO2×L-1), and in the summer the concentration of inorganic compounds of Nitrogen sharply increases (NO3 -, NO2 -, NH4 +), especially nitrates (31.1 mg(N)×L-1). This is obviously due to the influence of anthropogenic factors, including human recreational activities. The hydrochemical parameters of the tributaries of Lake Synevyr are relatively stable, they contain a small amounts of inorganic compounds of Nitrogen and organic compounds. This confirms the anthropogenic origin of organic compounds and inorganic compounds of Nitrogen (NO3 -, NO2 -, NH4 +) in the water of Lake Synevyr. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the anthropogenic influence on Lake Synevyr. The hydrochemical parameters of the stream that originates from Lake Synevyr have a similar chemical composition as the surface water of the lake. Keywords: Synevyr Lake; hydrochemical characteristics; water quality assessment; anthropogenic impact.