Математичне моделювання в економіці: мета керування і проблема прийняття рішень

Abstract

Розглянуто і розкрито мету керування і проблему прийняття рішень. Наведено процедури та сутність основних етапів процесу прийняття рішень для систем керування в різних умовах. Розкрито питання вироблення керованого механізму для підтримки рішень, на основі якого забезпечується удосконалення процесів прийняття обґрунтованих та об’єктивних рішень в ситуаціях виняткової складності. Викладено суть простого і складного рішень, необхідних для реалізації керування. Наведено застосування різних методів і моделей прийняття рішень, що відіграє значну роль в підвищенні ефективності керування.In this article, the management purpose and the issue of decision-making are considered and disclosed. The research illustrates procedures and the essence of the main stages of the decision-making process for control systems in various conditions. The article reveals the issue of developing a controlled mechanism for decision support, which ensures the improvement of the procedures of making reasonable and objective decisions in situations of exceptional complexity. The study outlines simple and complex solutions necessary for management execution. The application of various decision-making methods and models, vital in increasing management efficiency, is illustrated. The issue of the purpose is a central issue of management. Management serves to achieve some goals. Goal formulation is one of the most challenging and debatable issues of mathematical modelling in economics, and, therefore, it confirms the relevance of its research. Management quality assessment occurs when it is impossible to implement it separately. So it is necessary to formulate a criterion by which we can compare different controls. It is natural to choose the optimal control. The problem of decision-making arises when there are difficulties in achieving some goal. Making decisions is not a simultaneous act. This is a process that takes place over time and consists of separate stages. On the one hand, the management system must ensure the transformation of resources following the set goal. However, management can be considered a relatively separate information system. When characterizing management systems in the economy, one should anticipate both parties in their relationship. This approach is convenient for studying the technology and organization of the & quot; production & quot; of information necessary for the execution of the control function. Therefore, one can consider information processes in management systems in two aspects: transformation and movement of information. In the first case, we are discussing ways to transform information in the management system, the essence of which is the decision-making process. All other subsidiary transformations arrange around it: observation and analysis, data filtering, data reproduction, and others. In the second case, we consider methods of information transfer in the control system itself and between the control system and the controlled object.