Проблеми та перспективи розвитку громадянського суспільства в арабських країнах (на прикладі Сирії та Єгипту)

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of civil society development in the Arab world by the example of two countries, Syria and Egypt. The authors pay attention to the particularities of civil institutions' functioning in conditions of eastern authoritarian regime, trying to discover the reasons of weakness of civil sphere, concentrating on relations between its main structures and the State's authority, also trying to consider the potential of Islamic movements and associations as elements of independent public space. The authors made a conclusion that the main difficulties of civil development are connected not only with the policy of authoritarian state, oriented on freedom restrictions and preservation of its own monopoly in public sphere, but first of all with the character of social structure and political culture of society.