Surgery

Abstract

The textbook is intended for medical students seeking to consolidate their surgical knowledge and skills in acute abdominal and thoracic conditions. Its design is methodical: each Chapter presents a clear progression from baseline anatomy and clinical symptomatology, through diagnostic workup, to therapeutic strategies – including surgical management when appropriate. Section I «Abdominal Surgery» comprises nine chapters covering the major acute conditions encountered in abdominal surgery: external abdominal hernias, acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, perforated peptic ulcer, acute bowel obstruction, acute peritonitis, and traumatic injuries of the abdomen. Section II – «Thoracic Surgery» includes four chapters addressing acute chest pathology: traumatic injuries of the chest, purulent diseases of lungs and pleura, diseases of the diaphragm and mediastinum, and diseases and injuries of the oesophagus. In each chapter we begin with brief anatomical and physiological notes to set the structural and functional foundation. Next, we examine clinical signs – the characteristic signs, symptoms, and presentation patterns. We then explore diagnostic approaches: relevant laboratory and imaging studies and differential diagnosis. Finally, each chapter provides a discussion of therapeutic options, including indications and techniques for surgical intervention where applicable. We hope that this organization will guide you logically through the path from anatomy to surgery, facilitating your transition from theory to clinical reasoning and procedural competence.