Нестандартний урок в початковій школі: сучасні підходи

Abstract

Авторами розглядається проблема застосування нестандартних уроків у практиці роботи початкової школи. З‘ясовано поняття «нестандартний урок», перелічено окремі види. Закцентовано увагу на сучасних підходах до навчання в початковій школі. Розмежовано поняття «інтегрований», «бінарний» урок; розглянуто ознаки інтегрованого уроку. Наведено приклади інтеграції на основі окремої теми. Вказано на ефективність застосування презентацій до різних тем з української мови в початковій школі. The authors consider the problem of the using of non-standard lessons in the practice of primary schools. The purpose of the article is clarifying the nature of non-standard lessons in primary school, clarifying the definition of features some of them. Methods of scientific research: observation, interviewing of teachers, studying of pedagogical experience in the process of pedagogical practice in primary school. On the basis of analysis of scientific literature formulated the urgency of studying this problem and novelty of the research.During the studying, clarified the concept of ―unconventional lesson‖, lists certain types, defined the modern approaches to learning in primary school. Interviewing with primary school teachers showed that more than forty per cent of lessons are non-standard, including: lessons-journey, video tutorials, integrated, binary and others. In the practice of primary schools apply the lessons of communicative orientation: lessons-oral magazines, lessons-conversations, lessons-meditation, lessons-debates on the basis of the read text, lessons-press conference, lessons-steps. The attention is focused on modern approaches to teaching in primary school. Delineated the concept of «integrated», «binary lesson»; signs are considered for integrated lesson. Found the stages of preparation of binary lesson. Examples of integration based on separate topics.According to the authors, an important step in the preparation for such lesson is to define the objectives of the lesson: educational, developmental and educational objectives separately for each of the items that are integrated. Showed an example of an integrated lesson of the Ukrainian language and literary readings to the theme of «Treatment». Listed on effectiveness of presentations to various topics in primary school. Developed presentations for selected topics in the Ukrainian language. Investigated, that non-standard lesson encourages cognitive independence and creative activity and initiative in pupils. The training aimed at increasing their knowledge, forming the subject and the key competences needed in life skills.