Аналіз зміни чисельності кліщів з родини Glycyphagidae berlese, 1923 у гнізді карпатської метоносної бджоли

Abstract

В гніздах карпатської бджоли Glycyphagus domesticus зустрічається, практично, протягом всього року, причому виявлені всі фази його розвитку. Gl. domesticus виявлений у пробах з трьох висотних поясів Закарпаття. Максимальна кількість особин у різних висотних зонах Закарпаття зафіксована в кінці березня – на початку квітня на низовині. В умовах Закарпаття Carpoglyphus lactis в окремих бджолосім’ях спостерігається протягом року, а його максимальна кількість на низовині відмічена весною (кінець квітня – початок травня). В гніздах карпатської бджоли цей кліщ спостерігали повсюдно, в тому числі і на порожніх медових і пергових стільниках.

The honey-bee nest is a favorable place for the viability of many small invertebrate animals including mites. At the nowadays in the honey-bee nest there are discovered 180 mites species approximately, which belong to different groups. Nevertheless, compound and number of Glycyphagidae’s mites from nests of different bees’ species, including the Carpathian bee in the investigated region is studied insufficiently. The main aim of our research was studying the mite’s number in the nest of the Carpathian bee and influence of some inside factors on the species compound and density of mites, their communication with the bee family viability. The observations and samples taking from the nest of the Carpathian honey-bee were conducted at the amateur apiaries, located in different high-altitude zones of investigated region during 2012-2014 years. Material of collection was conducted according to generally accepted methods in acarology. In the nest of the Carpathian bee Glycyphagus domesticus is found during all the year, moreover all phases of its developing are present. G. domesticus is found in samples from three high-altitude Transcarpathian zones. The maximal specimen number in different high-altitude Transcarpathia zones is found at the end of March-beginning of April in the lowland. In the Transcarpathia Carpoglyphus lactis is present during all the year in some bee families, and its maximal number in lowland is noted in spring (the end of April – beginning of May). In the nest of the Carpathian bee this mite was found everywhere. It should be noted high species diversity and density of the bee nest inhabitants was found during different seasons of the year.