Аналіз понятійного складника структури концепту family (діахронний аспект)

Abstract

У статті зроблено спробу розглянути понятійний складник концепту FAMILY. Подано визначення концепту з позиції лінгвокультурологічного підходу вивчення мовних одиниць. У центрі уваги - лексема / family, яка вважається іменем відповідного концепту. Простежено етимологію лексеми імені концепту. Проаналізовано дефініції лексеми family в дев'яти тлумачних британських словниках ХVIII-ХХІ ст., виокремлено основне значення та периферійні.

The necessary aspect of linguistic researches is anthropocentrism that brings over a human factor to consideration, focuses on interconnection of language and a human; cognitivism, which interprets a language as a method of organization and transmission of human knowledge and experience. Moreover, lingvocultural method is becoming more and more productive as it focuses on interconnection and cooperation of culture and language. The distinctive feature of modern linguistics is a combination of these approaches and ideas with the aim of integral complex and all-round research of not only language units but also those cognitive constructs that will objectivise these language units. The article deals with the concept as a mental unit viewed from lingvocultural and lingvoconceptual perspective. Universal human notions of any culture and expression of their national image are objects of numerous linguistic, lingvocultural, ethnolinguistic studies. The key unit of lingvocultural research is concept as a mental essence, an element of human spiritual culture reflection, the depth of their understanding and perception of the surrounding world. A lingvocultural concept is a conventional mental unit, which is used in the complex study of language, consciousness and culture. The timeliness of research of concept “family” are justified by the fact that it is one of the key cultural constants and a part of important concepts that form the core of linguistic consciousness of every nation, and also by the lack of a comprehensive comparative study of the concept.