Основні підходи до забезпечення економічної безпеки суб’єктів господарювання

Abstract

У статті розглянуто сутність економічної безпеки та акцентовано увагу на тому, що однією з актуальних проблем стабільного розвитку економіки держави є забезпечення достатнього рівня економічної безпеки підприємства. Встановлено, що виграють ті країни, які вміють раціонально використовувати та зберігати енергію. В сучасних економічних умовах основним інструментом захисту суб’єктів господарювання від економічних та енергетичних загроз є ефективне використання ресурсів, особливо енергетичних. Запропонований комплексний підхід до організації раціонального споживання енергетичних ресурсів на підприємстві сприятиме забезпеченню його економічної безпеки.

The modern system of international security is under the influence of globalization, intensification of competition at all levels. Economic security is at the crossroads of two antagonists: competition and cooperation. In these circumstances, one of the main tasks of the national economic policy of any state is to create an effective system of economic security. The paper considers the essence of economic security and energy security as its main functional component. Economic security is seen as a state of the national economy that allows maintaining resilience to internal and external threats, to ensure high international competitiveness and the ability to grow sustainably. Uneven supply of energy resources to the world leads to threats of another nature – threats to energy security. Energy security is seen as a state of the economy that promotes the efficient use of energy resources of the state and its economic entities. The issues of limited energy resources and their irrational use are becoming more important every year and this proves the relevance of the research. Ways to find and develop measures to ensure both types of security at the state level and at the enterprise level are substantiated. It is established that the level of economic security is affected by various aspects, but the most important is the energy intensity of gross domestic product (GDP). This is an indicator of energy efficiency of the national economy; it shows the competitiveness of the enterprise in both domestic and foreign markets. The winners are those countries that know how to rationally use and store energy. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem of energy security by steadily saving energy and reducing the energy intensity of the economy. Emphasis is placed on the fact that one of the urgent problems of stable development of the state economy is to ensure economic security at the micro level – at the enterprise level. In today’s economic environment, the main tool for protecting businesses from economic and energy threats is the efficient use of resources, especially energy. The proposed comprehensive approach to the organization of rational consumption of energy resources at the enterprise will help ensure its economic security.