Роль транскордонного співробітництва в системі сучасних тенденцій регіонального розвитку України

Abstract

У статті досліджено роль та місце транскордонного співробітництва в системі сучасних тенденцій регіонального розвитку України, у процесі реалізації стратегії її європейської інтеграції. Розглянуто механізм Європейського інструменту сусідства та партнерства, визначено його цілі та особливості. Визначено проблеми ефективної організації транскордонної співпраці України із прикордонними партнерами. Окреслено перспективи розвитку транскордонного співробітництва в рамках Програм транскордонного співробітництва Європейського інструменту сусідства «Угорщина-Словаччина-Румунія-Україна», «Польща-Білорусь-Україна» на 2014-2020 рр. Ключові слова: транскордонне співробітництво, євроінтеграція, прикордонний регіон, Європейський інструмент сусідства та партнерства, Єврорегіональна політика.

The development of European integration supports the strengthening of regionalization, increasing the role and importance of individual territorial-administrative units in the national and European economy. Ukraine has chosen the strategic course towards integration into the European Union. This direction was the determining factor of social and political transformations in the country. In this matter the cross-border cooperation (CBC) plays an important role for the border areas of Ukraine, which became the subject of EU regional policy. Under current political and economic conditions cross-border cooperation is becoming essential for the development of most regions of Ukraine. Our country joined the CBC in 1993 in the course of European integration. The process of creating a common space most significantly affects the life of residents of bordering territories, where the border is a significant limitating factor of socio-economic development. Cross-border cooperation has the ability to accelerate the equalization of living standards in the border regions up to the European average, it has a positive impact on the liberalization of the movement of goods, services, capital and people. Support for EU cross-border cooperation at the external borders is carried out by means of the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI). The main objectives of the CBC ENPI according to CBC Strategy Paper for 2007-2013 was to support sustainable development along both sides of the external border of the EU and to help reduce the differences in living standards across these borders.Today the Transcarpathian region has officially established partnerships with 14 regions of the European Union. Within the framework of the agreements signed the respective partnerships have been set between nearly 100 local communities of cities and districts, villages and towns, institutions and organizations of Transcarpathia with the relevant communities and institutions in neighboring regions of Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, Poland, Austria, Germany and other countries.In the context of the prospects of Ukraine's European integration and the implementation of joint activities for the development of cross-border regions certain measures are applied for attracting international technical assistance.The period of implementation of the European Neighborhood program 2007-2013, in which Transcarpathia has been an active participant, is coming to its end. During the years 2015-2016 according to the signed grant agreement about 25 technical assistance projects will be completed. Keywords: cross-border cooperation, European integration, bordering region, the European Neighbourhood, the European Neighbourhood and Partnership, Euro-regional policy.