Розвиток державно-приватного партнерства: зарубіжний досвід

Abstract

У статті досліджено світовий досвід формування, впровадження та реалізації механізму державно-приватного партнерства. Наведено класифікацію країн у залежності від інтенсивності впровадження механі-зму ДПП. Описано особливості формування та розвитку державно-приватного партнерства у європейських країнах: Великобританії, Франції, Німеччині, Іспанії, Італії. Виявлено основні перешкоди на шляху розвитку державно-приватного партнерства в європейських країнах та визначено пріоритетні форми і напрями здійс-нення цієї форми співпраці. Ключові слова: державно-приватне партнерство, механізм, світовий досвід, розвиток, приватний партнер, держава.

The work is dedicated to the study of foreign expe-rience of the partnership between the state and private business, the identification of the features of its for-mation and propagation in the leading countries of the world. The author has proved that the mechanism of the partnership between the state and private business is widely used in international practice, and therefore the study of international experience in this field with the aim of studying foreign mechanisms, tools, principles of public-private partnerships and ways of its further use in Ukraine poses an urgent problem. The article shows the classification of countries ac-cording to the intensity of implementation of the mech-anism of public and private partnership. It is shown that this form of interaction between government and business dates back to ancient times and is successfully developing even nowadays. The article demonstrates the number of transactions in the context of individual European countries, their financial security and the distribution of the partnership projects in different spheres. Based on the studies of world experience of part-nership between the state and private business the fea-tures of the formation, implementation and realization of this mechanism in European countries such as UK, France, Germany, Spain and Italy, have been identi-fied. The article traces the evolutionary changes in the implementation of government functions and building of partnerships with the private sector. It has been proved that the rapid development of partnership be-tween the state and private business in the studied countries was achieved after the establishment of the special public institutions for consultations, economic examination and overall cooperation between the state and business. It was noted that the projects based on the partnership between the state and private business are actively formed and developed around the world, that is, foreign countries have accumulated sufficient experience in this field. At the same time, each country is using its own tools of distribution and development of state and private partnerships and, consequently, the rates of implementation of the partnership projects in each country are different. Priority forms and spheres of the partnership be-tween the state and private business in the countries that were studied. The basic obstacles to the develop-ment of partnership between the state and private busi-nesses have been determined. It was concluded that for a faster development of the partnership between the state and private businesses in Ukraine one should take into account foreign experi-ence of development in this sphere. Keywords: the partnership between the state and private business, mechanism, international experience, development, private partner, state.