Теоретико-методологічні засади реформування моделі економіки країни та її регіонів

Abstract

У статті розглянуто теоретичні засади реформування моделі економіки країни та її регіонів на основі ідентифікації проблемних компонент. Досліджено типи моделей функціонування економік різних країн світу та уточнено зміст поняття «модель економіки». Обґрунтовано теоретичне підґрунтя для ідентифікації мо-делі економіки країни та її регіонів. Досліджено еволюцію теорій та концепцій побудови ринково орієнтованих моделей економіки. Ідентифіковано модель економіки України та визначено проблеми, що впливають на функціонування її компонент. Ключові слова: модель економіки, економічні реформи, соціально-економічний розвиток, концепція, методологія.

The relevance of the article is determined by the drop in socio-economic development of the country and its regions on the background of changes in the strategic priorities of development. The problem field of the theory and practice of economic reforms is justi-fication of the reform strategy; the timing and speed of individual reform measures; planning of resource sup-port reforms (including the estimation of social costs of transformation); forecast results; assessment of the impact of reforms on long-term development of the country. The purpose of the article is to study theoretical and methodological foundations of the implementation of reforms based on the identification of the model of the economy of the country and its regions, as well as the identification of the problems of its functioning. A key aspect of the reform process in the country and its regions is determining the point when reforms should start. This point of beginning the reforms de-pends on the diagnosis of problems in the functioning of the economy model or its individual components. The evolution of economy models of state regula-tion is in line with the development of views on state role in ensuring the sustainable economic development. The majority of authors define the concept of "econo-my model" through a systematic analysis of the eco-nomic, social and political components. Based on this, an "economy model" can be defined as an abstract tool to study the image of the socio-economic development of the country with regard to the specificity of the economy. The components of the "economy model" are: the type of ownership, concentration of production, the level of government regulation, the orientation of for-eign economic activity, the level of adaptability and innovativeness of production, human capital, adminis-trative divisions. The proposed approach allows one to deepen the theoretical and methodological foundations of econom-ic reforms of the country and its regions by specifying the object of the reform. Further studies are aimed at the development of tools for diagnosing problems in the functioning of the country's economic model and its individual components in order to determine the strate-gic direction of reforms and the sequence of events within each reform. Keywords: economy model, economic reforms, economic and social development, concept, methodology.