Інтелектуальний капітал та національна конкурентоспроможність: концептуальні засади

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано значення та роль національного інтелектуального капіталу і національної конкурентоспроможності з методологічної точки зору. В даному дослідженні висвітлено як показники національного інтелектуального капіталу та національної економічної конкурентоспроможності пов'язані між собою і як цей зв'язок варіюює за різних умов. В статті також показано, що аналіз тенденцій може бути використаний для визначення національної конкурентоспроможності або інтелектуального капіталу. Ключові слова: інтелектуальний капітал, національна конкурентоспроможність, людський капітал, структурний капітал.

Ensuring a high economic growth is one of the key objectives of any modern country. The experience of recent decades shows that the main driver of economic growth of leading countries is not a financial capital but the knowledge and new ideas that enable the creation of intellectual, competitive, market demanded products. In this paper we have analyzed the importance and role of national intellectual capital and national competitiveness from a methodological point of view. Furthermore, we have determined the level of the relationship between these categories. Thus, in this research we have found that the future of the nation depends on national competitiveness, which in return is based on the national intellectual capital and capabilities to get a benefit from it. In addition, it was found that approximately the same indices and features are used in the study of national intellectual capital research as well as in study of national competitiveness. Therefore, the starting point for the national intellectual capital accumulation and the increase of the national competitiveness level will include the same factors that are drivers of economy based on knowledge. Consequently, the measures system for the promotion of national knowledge based economy still remains with actual issues related to the creation of intellectual property market, the creation of mechanisms for technology transfer ready to use, legal protection of intellectual property, which in return, makes it not possible to use effectively the results of intellectual activity and rely on them as on a key component of economic growth and international exchange. These measures should enhance the competitiveness of products in the international and domestic markets, ensuring national economic security. Based on the above, the intellectual activity becomes the main condition for economic development, as well as intellectual capital becomes the most important and valuable resource for achieving this goal. Ensuring competitive economy is not possible without understanding of post-industrial business, and without understanding of intellectual capital and mastering the skills to control it. Keywords: intellectual capital, national competitiveness, human capital, structural capital, economic growth.