Домогосподарство: поняття, сутність, функції

Abstract

У статті досліджено поняття та сутність домогосподарства. Проаналізовано методологічні підходи до вивчення домогосподарства як сектора економіки, а також його основні функції. Автором визначено, що використовуючи виробничу функцію, домогосподарство може стати основою формування малого підприємництва. Ключові слова: ринкова економіка, домогосподарство, сутність, підхід, функції, малий бізнес.

With strengthening of globalization processes in the economy, the requirements for the study of absolutely all the institutional subjects are increased. For a long time the problem of the household as an institution and the subject of the economy was underestimated by scientists. For various reasons the household is one of the least studied economic subjects. As an entity, households are functioning in the labor markets, consumer goods markets, financial markets and other sectors of the economy. Their economic behavior and function contribute to the for-mation of industrial and economic potential, determine the rate of eco-nomic growth and influence the results of economic and social reforms in the country. As households are not only manpower suppliers in the economy, but also one of the main carriers of business, attention is constantly growing to this institute of the economy. The essence of any economic category is revealed in its functions. The author has formed a set of the following functions: production, consumption, savings, repro-duction, social harmony, and the demographic reproduction of the hu-man capital. Modern household study theory is formed by the following methodological approaches: neoclassical, Keynesian, a new concept of home economics, organizational, industrial, institutional, neo-institutional, Marxist and neo-Marxist theory and the theory of the school of social development. In order to have a more thorough under-standing of all of the phenomena and processes that occur in the house-hold at the present stage of development it is proposed to consider it not only as a social and economic point of view alone, but to use the approach of convergence. The author reveals the concept of «house-hold», namely, that it is, in the first place, an independent economic entity, which consists of a few or just one person, who are or are not in family relations, but not necessarily live in the same room; secondly, it is an independent subject of the market economy, which is a supplier of resources and, at the same time, their consumer in order to meet his own needs; thirdly, it is the basis of the formation of small businesses. Keywords: market economy, household, essence, approach, function, small business.