Розвиток механізмів небанківського фінансування інноваційних енергоефективних проектів

Abstract

Стаття присвячена проблемам реалізації інноваційних енергозберігаючих проектів за рахунок коштів небанківських фінансових установ. Проаналізовано механізми фінансування проектів з підвищення енергоефективності кредитними спілками, лізинговими та енергосервісними компаніями, револьверними фондами. Запропоновано низку практичних рекомендацій щодо посилення ролі небанківських фінансових установ у процесах фінансування інноваційних енергоефективних проектів. Ключові слова: енергоефективність, інноваційний проект, небанківські фінансові установи, фінансування.

The article is dedicated to the problems of realization of innovative energy efficiency projects at the expense of non-banking financial insti-tutions. The mechanisms of financing the development of energy effi-ciency projects by credit unions, leasing and energy service companies, revolving funds were analyzed. A set of practical recommendations for the strengthening of non-banking financial institutions’ role in the process of financing innovative energy efficiency projects are suggested. Among the main recommendations is the realization of such state regulation measures as: exemption from the income tax which is levied from income earned by credit unions, revolving funds, leasing and energy service companies in the process of long term (over 5 years) crediting of innovative projects in the energy efficiency area (investment loans and financial leasing) and also introduction of individual approach to the taxation of income earned from such medium term (from 3 to 5 years) investment activities; partial (50%) formation of reserves to reimburse possible losses on active operations (primarily investment loans to finance energy efficiency projects, particularly in the housing sector); provision of state guarantees to non-banking financial institutions on credits granted to finance innovative energy efficiency projects and organization of state insurance of such investments; exemption from entry duty and value added tax of energy-saving materials, components and equipment used in financial leasing; introduction of state compensation (partial) of interest rate on loans aimed at financing innovative energy saving projects and foreseeing of these costs in the the State and local budgets. It is proved that in order to solve the problem of financing the innovative energy efficiency projects a complex approach that will combine the interests of state, non-banking institution, organization, households and other subjects connected with the realization of innovative projects in the energy saving area is needed. The important components of such approach are the strengthening of state role in the process of private capital consolidation for the realization of large energy efficiency projects through the combination of bank's and non-banking financial institutions’ capital, industrial capital and research organizations funds, and the creation of favourable conditions in the development of energy efficient state economy. Keywords: energy efficiency, innovative project, non-banking financial institutions, financing.