Теоретичні засади визначення поняття гендерної політики

Abstract

Стаття присвячена аналізу сутності та теоретичних засад поняття «гендерна політика». У результаті дослідження, проведеного на основі теоретичного осмислення ряду наукових праць, визначено та доповнено поняття «гендерної політики», особливість якого полягає в урахуванні інтересів і потреб не тільки жінок, а й чоловіків в усіх сферах життя. Запропоновано наступне визначення поняття «гендерна політика»: послідовна система заходів, що враховує інтереси, потреби чоловіків і жінок в усіх сферах життя, які законодавчо закріплені і мають бути реально забезпечені з метою досягнення гендерної рівності. Ключові слова: гендер, гендерна рівність, гендерна політика, державна політика, дискримінація жінок і чоловіків.

The article is devoted to the essence and theoretical foundations of the"gender policy" concept analysis. As a result of a study, which was conducted on the basis of a theoretical interpretation of a number of scientific papers, the concept of "gender policy" has been defined and supplemented by the author of the article. The peculiarity of this concept lies in the interests and needs consideration of not only women but also men in all spheres of life. As an integral category of political analysis, "gender policy" has not yet been unambiguously defined. Different understanding of the concept is confirmed by different meanings which gives researchers. This situation makes it necessary to analyze the "gender policy of the state" concept. Most of the authors of the scientific literature, if necessary, recourse to gender resort to vague specifications. In Ukraine the gender studies are still a quite marginal segment of the science, due to the novelty of the problems in the post-Soviet science. Therefore, today there is a need for a comprehensive study of gender issues and terminology. Most researchers associate the term "gender policy" with state activities, the object of which is mainly women. This ultimately leads to discrimination only in relation to the fairer sex. An integrated approach to the definition of gender policy was considered during the writing of the article. The necessity of differentiation of such concepts as "women's state policy" and "gender policy of the state" was proved. The state gender policy should be aimed not at improving the situation of women, but on the actual achievement of gender equality, taking into account the interests and abilities of both sexes equally. Therefore, the author proposed the following definition of the "gender policy" concept: it is the consistent system of measures that take into account men and women interests and needs in all spheres of life, which are legislatively fixed and effectively secured in order to achieve gender equality. Keywords: gender, gender equality, gender policy, state policy, discrimination of women and men.