Передумови та чинники трансформації вищої педагогічної освіти в Словацькій Республіці

Abstract

Urgency of the research. Transformational processes in Slovakia in the con. XX - early. XXI century covered all levels of the social system, incl. higher education. The Slovak Republic has gone through a complex way of reforms, the results of which allow us to talk about the functioning of the European level higher education system in the country. At the same time, the process of European modernization of education and the optimization of the education management system in Slovakia is not yet completed and requires further conceptual, personnel, financial and material and technical support. Target setting. The transformational path of higher education in Slovakia was rather difficult, marked by successes and difficulties, which is due to a set of prerequisites and factors of international and intrastate development. Taking into account Ukraine’s European integration aspirations, the experience of Slovakia is important for understanding in the domestic reform context. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis showed the urgency of the problem of higher education modernization in Slovakia, the key aspects of which are reflected in the publications of such scientists as М. Valitsa, B. Kasachova, B. Kosova, Sh. Porubskyi, А. Petrasova, І. Pavlov. The research objective. The article highlights the key prerequisites and factors that determined the transformation of higher pedagogical education in Slovakia and its integration into the European educational space. The statement of basic materials. After changing the model of social organization in 1989, the development of Slovakia was focused on the post-socialist modernization and integration of the higher education system into the European educational space. Among the most significant objective prerequisites and factors of the macro level, which influenced the different stages of the reform, it was highlighted: the collapse of the “socialist camp” and the intensification of integration processes, the collapse of Czechoslovakia and the creation of an independent Slovak Republic (1993), European Community support for educational change in Slovakia and its accession to the EU (2004). The educational policy was also dependent on the internal political, socio-economic and socio-demographic conjuncture of the development of the Slovak society XX – early XXI century. It was emphasized that an important internal prerequisite for reforming Slovak pedagogical education was the need to overcome the crisis in the teaching profession. It has been established that an important factor in the transformation in the higher education system was the influence of the European community and the Euro integration aspirations of Slovakia. Conclusions. Transformational processes in Slovak higher school and pedagogical education in particular, were caused by the influence of a complex of prerequisites, factors and institutionalized subjects. The influence of these determinants had a different impact on the educational policy of the state, its reform potential, the intensity of transformations in the field of higher education at various stages of the transformation and integration of Slovakia into the EHEA. At the present stage, the modernization of the system of higher pedagogical education according to European standards contributes to the quality training of qualified pedagogical personnel in Slovakia.