Соціальні проекти та їх реалізація греко-католицьким духовенством Мукачівської єпархії у другій половині 20-х-початку 30-х рр. ХХ століття

Abstract

У статті розглядається процес реалізації соціальних проектів духовенством Мукачівської греко-като- лицької єпархії у другій половині 20-х на початку 30- років ХХ ст. Співставлення даних церковної періодики, архівних матеріалів та статистичних даних дозволяє досить повно розкрити тему дослідження згідно якої існували ряд напрямків соціальної сфери, котрі намагалося вирішувати греко-католицьке духовенство і єпар- хіальне правління спільно з чехословацькою державою в міжвоєнний період. З іншого боку греко-католицьке духовенство намагалося зайняти нішу в соціальній сфері на Підкарпатській Русі, акцентуючи увагу на ви- хованні молоді, опіку над сім’ями, як частину Церкви та боротьбу з таким соціальним лихом як алкоголізм.

Thus, comparing the data of church periodicals, archival materials and statistical data allows a fairly complete disclose the subject of the study, according to which there were a number of areas of social sphere, which the Greek Catholic clergy and the diocesan administration, together with the Czechoslovak state, tried to solve during the interwar period. The main internal problem for eparchial government can be identified as the solution of the state funding of parish clergy, priests in retirees, widows and orphans of priests. The Greek Catholic clergy was married, which entailed the need to resolve their financial support. Until the concordat 1936, there were the ideas for solving the problem of financing parish priests and widows through the creation of appropriate diocesan funds, in particular, and the sources of filling these funds were search for. This question remained difficult until the law of 1926 and the diocese had its own view on solving similar social problems. One of the solutions of the problem was the idea of relying solely on the own eparchy opportunities. In the most difficult time, the abolition of state financial assistance to the clergy and their families was seen as a danger of dependence on the state and even its attempts to interfere with the independence of the Church. The steps in solving the problem could be sale of land transfer to the fund of a part of a castle, etc., but they haven’t always been popular. The state's suspension of payments to the clergy, at the time of Bishop Antony Pope, arranged for the clergy and for the diocesan administration to critically consider the state as a reliable partner in the financial assistance of the diocese, which clearly led to the dependence of the Greek Catholic Church in Subcarpathian Rus from the Czechoslovak authorities. The question of financial state support for the clergy was resolved before the concordat in 1926, which was probably partially the merit of Bishop Peter Hebey, as well as solving other issues, in particular the financing of widows and orphans. The diocesan government also provided financial support to priests of retirement age, widows and orphans of priests, but such financial support was not high. The Greek Catholic clergy tried to occupy their own sphere in social life in Subcarpathian Rus, focusing on the education of young people, the care of families, as part of the church and the fight against such a social disaster as alcoholism. Separately, there were also establishments for the rehabilitation of the clergy, which provided for the opportunity to heal the families of priests. A similar system was created on the basis of assistance to those in need - all priests paid it, and those who needed such a healing were treated.