Закарпатські мікротопоніми басейну річки Ужа, мотивовані колоративами

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано структурно-семантичні особливості колоративів у складі закарпатських мікротопонімів басейну річки Ужа. Зʼясовано, що найбільшою продуктивністю характеризуються номени чорний, білий, червоний. Аналізовані лексеми, зберігаючи основне колірне значення, набувають оцінних конотацій, які виникли внаслідок образного сприймання світу.

The description of the structural-semantic features of colouratives as constituents of microtoponyms represents the specificity of «visual» perception of reality, a person’s view of the world and their own place in it. The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of the semantic structure of the attributes-colouratives in the Transcarpathian microtoponyms of the Uzh River basin, namely: to determine the semantic transformations of colour names, to find out the probable motives of the naming and, accordingly, the national-cultural connotation of the colours. According to the structure fixed microtoponyms of the Uzh basin with basic «colour» nomens are twocomponent units, formed by the models «concordant atribute + appellative > binomial name», «binomial name > monomial name» (substantives). Here is a limited number of substituted names, they are only the result of long-term functioning in the microtonymy of the basin of the binomial name, which has been transformed into a monomial by truncation of the core component, which denoted mainly geographical realia. Functioning of colouratives in the microtoponymy of the Uzh River basin completely reproduces the features of the chromatic hierarchy that has developed in the Ukrainian colour system. The highest productivity is characterized by the nomens black, white, red, not numerous are microtoponyms, the basic colour names of which were yellow, green. Color is a representative of the semantic transformations that have arisen as a result of a person’s mental activity and the influence on the socio-cultural environment. In general, all analyzed tokens retain their primary colour value, but some (archetypal in nature) acquire evaluating connotations. At the heart of interpretations of names with colors laid figurative perception of the world, its understanding through the prism of traditions, beliefs and ideas about the universe.