Лексико-фразеологічні типи концептів в англійській мові

Abstract

Розв’язання назрілих проблем класифікації та структуризації знань знаходиться в центрі уваги сучасних вітчизняних і зарубіжних дослідників. Мета статті полягає у виявленні й описі типів концептів в англійській мові на основі наявних лексико-семантичних класифікацій. Застосовано лінгвокультурогічний та лінгвокогнітивний підходи до проведення наукового аналізу концептів в обраній галузі дослідження. Зроблено висновок про те, що перелік типів концептів не є вичерпним і може бути доповнений у процесі подальшого використання лінгвоконцептуального аналізу фразем.

The issue of knowledge classification and structuring is the central subject of research in domestic and foreign cognitive science. The purpose of the article is to analyze lexical and phraseological types of concepts in English based on the proposed classifications by Z.D. Popova, I.A. Sternin, S. Askoldov and A. Babushkin. The investigation demonstrated that at the present stage of cognitive research, linguists consider concepts in a broad and narrow sense and distinguish two terms – cognitive concept as well as linguistic and cultural concept. Therefore, both linguocultural and cognitive-linguistic approaches to the analysis of lexico-phraseological types of concepts in the English language have been used. Due to a great number of concept classifications it has been concluded that the list of concept types is not fully completed and can be clarified for further use in the conceptual analysis. The conducted analysis of lexical and phraseological types of concepts in English is based on the typology, suggested by A. Babushkin, as far as it is considered to be the most complex and complete classification of concepts. Thus, the above mentioned types of concepts have been divided into: mental images, concept-scheme, concept-frame, concept-insight, concept-scenario and kaleidoscopic concepts. It has been noted that concept is not always denoted by one word, and can also be expressed by combinations of words as well as phraseologisms. The set of linguistic means verbalizing the concept is called the nominative field of the concept. The main difference between the nominative field and other traditional structural groups (lexical and semantic group, lexical and semantic field, lexical and phraseological field, synonymic sets, associative field) lies in its complex nature including all of the above mentioned groups. It has been concluded that the development of the most complete scientific typology and description of the main functions of the concept is a contemporary and promising area of research in cognitive science.