Роль Європейського суду з прав людини у гарантуванні права на об’єднання в політичні партії

Abstract

У статті досліджується роль Європейського суду з прав людини у гарантуванні права на об’єднання в політичні партії. Аналізуються окремі тлумачення положень ст. 11 Конвенції про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод та їх вплив на реалізацію права на об’єднання в політичні партії в країнах – учасницях Конвенції.

The article studies the role of the European Court of Human Rights in guaranteeing the right to political association. Different interpretations of Article 11 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and their impact on the exercise of the right to political association in the member countries of the Convention are examined. The author suggests that the guarantees of the right to associate into political parties should be understood as a set of statutory and organizational conditions, means and legal mechanisms provided for by international agreements and national laws which ensure the protection and proper exercise of the right to political association. The country’s European choice declared by Ukraine and established in the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement calls for the gradual harmonization of the national legislation regulating the right to political association with the EU norms and standards. Taking into account the fact that the European Court of Justice takes into consideration opinions of the European Court of Human rights and treats them as sources of general EU principles, studying practical experience of the European Court of Human rights as to the right to political association is highly topical. The European Court of Human rights stands high in the system of international guarantees of human and citizen’s rights as a whole and the right to political association in particular due to the following: its opinions are both law-enforcement and law-interpretive; the interpretations of the European Court of Human rights have a significant impact on systems of law; and they are gradually incorporated into the court proceeding in the member countries of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.