DOMINANT MICROBIAL ASSOCIATIONS OF ORAL CAVITY AT PERIODONTITIS AND FEATURES OF THEIR SENSITIVITY TO ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS

Abstract

Opportunistic microorganisms play a significant role in the development of inflammatory diseases, including generalized periodontitis. The growing tendency towards the formation of antibiotic resistant microorganisms causes the relevance of monitoring the microorganisms’ sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs and the development of new approaches to the antimicrobial therapy. The purpose of this work was to determine the dominant microbial associations of the oral cavity in the conditions of generalized periodontitis, to study their sensitivity to antibiotics, antiseptics and phytopreparations. The microbial associations’ study at generalized periodontitis was performed by bacteriological monitoring of the pathological material from the foci of the inflammatory process. Determination of the isolates’ antibiotic susceptibility to antiseptics and phytopreparations was carried out by the disc diffusion method, in the agar. As test culture, the following bacteria and yeast from the American Type Culture Collection were used: Candida albicans ATCC 885-653; Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923; Escherichia coli ATCC 25922; Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212; Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615; and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC ATCC 27853. We also used clinical strains of bacteria and yeasts (S. aureus, K. rhinoscleromatis, H. alvei, E. coli, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, C. albicans, C. glabrata isolated from the oral cavities of patients suffering from the inflammatory periodontium. We chose clinical strains with multiple resistance to antibiotics. The results of studies have shown that the opportunistic microorganisms dominated in 100 % of cases within the oral cavity microbiota in patients with generalized periodontitis. The most pronounced clinical symptoms of the disease and recurrent inflammation were observed with the persistence of the Staphylococcus genus bacteria association with the Enterobacteriaceae family bacteria and Pseudomonas bacteria genera, microscopic Candida genus fungi in the oral cavity. It was found that the fluoroquinolones and cefoperazone/sulbactam were the most effective against the isolates. Among the commercial preparations, Sangviritrin showed the most expressive antimicrobial activity and its antibacterial effect was registered on the clinical isolates of S. aureus. It is worth noting that the Sangviritrin showed the antimicrobial effect against an extra antibioticresistant isolates resistant to all phytopreparations and disinfectants used in the test. A high antimicrobial activity of Decasanum and Sangviritrin against the multi-antibiotic resistant strains, most by against Gram-positive bacteria, was established. The established regularities determine the relevance of the antibiotic therapy taking into account the antibiotic susceptibility of the inflammatory process pathogens and the development of a comprehensive approach for correction of the opportunistic microbiota at generalized periodontitis.