Моніторинг екологічного стану води малих річок Іршавського району Закарпаття

Abstract

The Bronka and Sinyavka rivers flow in the territory of the Irshava district, Transcarpathian region. The water quality of these surface reservoirs has been evaluated over the entire length of the rivers at four points during 2017-2019, including all seasons. These rivers flow along areas with special conservation status. The Bronka River flows along the territory of the general zoological reserve “Richanskiy” and the river Sinyavka - along the territory of the National Nature Park “Enchanted Land”. On the banks of the studied rivers there are various recreational complexes: recreation center “Smerekovyi Kaminj”, childrenꞌs camp “Enchanted Valley”, private estates: “U Petrovtsija”, “Silver Spring”. A private trout farm, Stara Vaga, operates on the bank of the Rychansky Reserve on the banks of the Bronka River. The seasonal water quality assessment of the Bronka and Sinyavka rivers was made according to some hydrophysical (transparency, odor, color) and hydrochemical indicators. The research results show a positive trend in water quality over a three-year period. None of the identified water parameters (transparency, odor, color) exceeds the normalized values, which means minimal anthropogenic impact and natural self-healing of the water of these rivers. Exceeding the normalized values in several times was observed only by the index of the General Iron and Manganese, due to the peculiarity of the geological terrain. The activities of recreational complexes located along the banks of the Sinyavka River also do not cause a significant negative impact on the ecological status and water quality of the surface water body. Background monitoring of mountain surface water bodies has shown positive dynamics of their functioning, proper water quality of mountain rivers of the Irshava region, and also allows to make assumptions about high ability of water of rivers for self-purification and low anthropogenic influence on them. Keywords: monitoring of small rivers, protected areas, water quality, hydrochemical parameters, hydrophysical indicators, Transcarpathian region.