Королевский совет как орган сословного представительства в чешских землях в период правления династии Ягеллонов (1471–1526 гг.)

Abstract

The formation of the Royal Council was during the 15th-16th centuries. It became the main state power of the Czech Kingdom during the reign of the Jagiellonian dynasty (1471-1526). Zemski (regional) congresses played a great part too. The representatives of three estates took part in the zemski congresses since the Hussite Revolution such as lords, knights and burgess (a separate state was clergy). It's worth to mention that the highest power was the Royal Court. The highest zemski (regional) officials were a burgrave (who was the leader of the council and the assistant of the king); the highest chancellor (registered the issue of each royal decree); a chamberlain (was in charge of the cases of the royal cities and confirmed the members of the local councils); next come the highest chamberlain, zemski judges, a zemskij clerk, a hofmister, two burgraves of Karlstein and a burgrave of Hradeskij region. The King appointed the post of mintzmister (the minister of finances) according to the resolution of 1485. Most posts were hold by lords, knights had the right to hold only the post of the highest zemskij clerk and the burgrave of Hradeskij region. In Moravia the highest post was hold by a zemskij hetman. In Lusatia it was a fojt – a vassal of the king and in Silesia it was the royal hetman. Royal cities were ruled by the local law. It's worth noting that further the council was divided into a narrow council and expended one. Thus, the main feature of the Royal Council was the limitation of the Royal power and the great importance of the Royal Congresses at which a quite narrow circle of the highest gentry decided the financial questions, foreign and domestic policies. The Royal Council played the main part in the Czech society. It was developing during 1471-1526 that led to the formation of the state monarchy in the Czech Kingdom.