Medical sciences: development prospects in countries of Europe at the beginning of the third millennium

Abstract

Obesity is a pro-inflammatory condition in which hypertrophied adipocytes and resistant immune cells (primarily lymphocytes and macrophages) contribute to an increase in the level of circulating proinflammatory cytokines. An obesity-related condition of chronic systemic inflammation, called “metabolic inflammation”, is considered to be the starting point in the pathogenesis of resistance to insulin and type 2 diabetes in experiments conducted on animals. After three and four weeks of experiment, many macrophages and necrotic figures were detected. Also, there were enlargements and sinuses of red pulp, hemosiderin in the lumen of venous sinuses, as well as macrophages filled with drops of hemosiderin. Around some vessels, eosinophilic aggregations and lipid accumulation in the extended sinusoid were detected. There are signs of constant immune activity. As a result of a study conducted in male rats and female rats, we found that the number of lymphoid nodules in the white pulp of the spleen during the experiment increases. Arteries with a thickened wall, full-blooded, veins deformed, expanded and full-blooded. Trabeculae leaving the capsule expressed, thickened. With an increase in the duration of the experiment, the pathological changes are deepened