Локальні особливості родильної обрядовості українців Закарпаття

Abstract

Ritualism as a component of popular traditional houselife culture is an expression of people’s ethnical singularity. In multiethnic milieu, as in Transcarpathian region, ritualism is one of the most industrious factors in demonstration of ethnical tradition as well as a means of education and keeping of national self-consciousness. “Hromada” community and its active representatives - midwife and godfathers - had been the most efficient institute of social life in Ukrainian village at XIX to early XX c. Complex study of customs and rites, connected with a birth of a child, enables the tracing of social changes, some ethnical processes and the origin of certain phenomena. The article is written on the basis of field materials, gathered by the author in Velykobereznyansky, Mizhhirsky, Perechynsky regions of Transcarpathian area [2] as good as published works of Y.Hoshko, N.Zdoroveha, Y.Siavavko, E.Hayova, P.Bohatyriov, M.Khudash, P.Chuchko and oth. Transcarpathian Ukrainians’ traditional customs and rites, devoted to a birth of child, are considered in the context of all-Ukrainian tradition and are compared with ritualism of other ethnoses (Romanians, Czechs, Slovaks, Hungarians and Gypsies), inhabiting these territories.