Вміст важких металів у грунтах та лікарській рослині lamium Album L. (lamiaceae) на території Закарптської області

Abstract

Formation of the chemical composition of plants under natural conditions occurs at the same time as a large number of environmental factors, including the geochemical conditions of the ecotope and the exogenous entry of elements into the soil. However, it cannot be excluded that the translocation of heavy metals from the arable layer of soil into plants depends not only on edaphic factors, but also on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of plants. This study presents the results of heavy metals content in soils and medicinal plant lamium Album L. (Lamiaceae), in the territory of Transcarpathian region. It is established that the gross content of heavy metals is the highest in the soils of Uzhhorod district in comparison with other studied territories. However, exceeding the maximum permissible concentration is not observed. Comparison of the concentration of ecotoxicants in the investigated soils with the background content makes it possible to judge the presence or absence of anthropogenic pollution. It is important that fixed forms of ecotoxicants do not pose a threat to living organisms. The greater danger is the content of acid-soluble forms. According to the obtained, as in the case of gross content, the concentration of mobile forms of ecopolyants is the highest for the Uzhhorod district. The lowest values were recorded in the soils of Svaliava district. This, obviously, can be caused by both the geomorphological features of the area and the increase of anthropogenic load on the territory. Regarding the migration of heavy metals in the soil-plant system, it is found that the content of eco-pollutants in the plant is directly proportional to their soil content. The results of the studies showed that the plants lamium Album L. (Lamiaceae), accumulate heavy metals, acting as a kind of filtration system, which is relevant from the standpoint of evaluating the quality of medicinal plant raw materials, as well as predicting the possibilities of phytoremediation. Calculating the Spearman's rank coefficient, it is found that the content of Zn, Pb content in lamium Album L. is significantly dependent on the concentration of this metal in the soil and its mobile forms. For Cu and Cd, no such regularity was found. Keywords: heavy metals; migration; soil; Spearman factor; plants.