The effect of long-term ionizing radiation on organs and systems of the human body

Abstract

The biological effects of ionizing radiation on the human body can be both genetic and somatic. One of the characteristic features of an organism that has withstood radiation damage is a state of long-term compensatory voltage, which requires constant mobilization and additional costs of the body's reserves and can lead to disruption of compensatory reactions. The aim of the study. To establish the clinical and morphological features of the development of pathological processes in the human body that occur over a long period of time after exposure to high doses of radiation and to establish their relationship with the development of periodontal disease. People who permanently live in radiation-contaminated areas develop enzymopathy, metabolic processes are disrupted, toxic metabolic products, radionuclides accumulate, slag excretion is complicated, lipid peroxidation and cell membranes are significantly increased, and antioxidant deficiency develops due to antioxidant deficiency. which causes an imbalance in the nervous, cardiovascular, digestive, immune systems, which in combination leads to changes in periodontal tissues. The action of ionizing radiation can have an initiating, accelerating and modifying effect on the manifestations and course of general somatic diseases. That is why generalized periodontal diseases are polyetiological (comorbid) diseases with an autoimmune component. Conclusions: Based on previous clinical and laboratory and experimental morphological studies, as well as literature data, we can clearly state that the variability of kinetic characteristics of bone tissue can be due to both hereditary (family) and non-hereditary (modification) components. Under the action of ionizing radiation, patients develop not only general somatic pathology, but also dental, in particular, from the periodontal tissues. That is why generalized periodontal disease (periodontitis) is a polyetiological (comorbid) disease with an autoimmune component, in which distinct individual correlations in the kinetics of radionuclides in individuals of the same age and sex are clearly traced.