Становлення радянської влади і боротьба ОУН-УПА на Закарпатті в другій половині 1940-х років

Abstract

The article deals with the activities of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and detachments of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in Transcarpathia at the final stage of the Second World War and in the postwar years, which coincided with the Sovietization of the region. It is noted that in Soviet times, the study of this problem could take place only through the prism of the struggle of «Ukrainian bourgeois nationalists». Today, historiography and the source base for studying this issue have been significantly expanded. The author emphasizes the confrontation between the nationalist movement and the Soviet government. At the same time, the actions of the punitive bodies of the USSR aimed at suppressing the armed struggle of the UIA are covered. It is noted that although the Ukrainian national movement did not become as widespread as in the rest of Western Ukraine due to objective circumstances, it caused a lot of trouble to the local party and Soviet leadership. It is noted that the whole region was covered by this movement with the dominance of mountain areas in this regard due to favorable natural and geographical conditions, remoteness from cities, roads, as well as a fairly high level of national identity of the leaders. The purposeful concealment of the facts of the OUN-UIA’s activities during the communist era was aimed at silencing and tarnishing the history of this movement in Transcarpathia. Key words: Organization of Ukrainian nationalists. Ukrainian insurgent army. Transcarpathia. World War II. Sovietization.