Світовий досвід інноваційного розвитку в умовах економіки знань

Abstract

У статті представлено результати аналізу світового досвіду інноваційного розвитку в провідних країнах світу з метою вивчення можливості його впро вадження у процес функціонування національної системи в умовах економіки знань. Досліджено світовий досвід інноваційного розвитку, зроблено висновки про доцільність впровадження в Україні досвіду інноваційного розвитку еконо міки США, країн-членів ЄС, СНД, Японії, Китаю, В’єтнаму та ін. Окреслено теоретичні положення і розроблено рекомендації щодо форму вання і забезпечення інноваційного розвитку країни. Визначено можливості застосування запропонованих підходів до забезпечення інноваційного розвитку країни в умовах економіки знань, що сприятиме підвищенню рівня її інновацій ності та формуванню національної економічної системи.

The results of the peculiarities analysis of innovatively active countries` develop ment worldwide by comparing their innovative development are presented in the article. The rating of the most innovative countries of the world, which are at different levels of economic development, is formed. Overall, the Global Innovation Index rank ings 126 countries. According to statistics, Ukraine has been actively improving its positions for the last few years in the rating and by today is ranked forty-third. The five countries that make the most use of innovation are Switzerland, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and Singapore. In the course of the research, the author examines and generalizes the world expe rience of innovative development in the leading countries of the world with the purpose of its possible introduction in the process of the national economy functioning in the conditions of the knowledge economy. Innovative development assessment in foreign countries makes it possible to state that state support for innovative development of regions proves the actualization ofinnovative development of regions and cities stimulation. It can be reached through the new technologies` introduction, support of universities, companies, regional centers with rational use of available resources and opportunities. The improvement directions of Ukrainian regional innovative development are formulated as a result of the foreign experience generalization. To formulate a coherent program, the existing foreign experience of innovative economic development and insti tutional support of this process should be used. In this context, the results of the study make it possible to conclude that it is advisable to: familiarize yourself with the peculiar ities of the formation and development of institutional support for the innovative econo my of the US, EU member states, CIS, Japan, China and others; use certain elements of the experience of other countries of the world; focus material and financial resources on the phased implementation of economic modernization programs (USA, EU Member States, CIS Member States, Japan, China and In this context, the study results make it possible to conclude that it is advisable to: familiarize yourself with the peculiarities of the institutional support formation and development for the innovative economy of the US, EU member states, CIS, Japan, China, and others; use certain experience elements of other countries of the world; focus material and financial resources on the phased implementation of economic modernization programs (USA, EU Member States, CIS Member States, Japan, China, and other countries); support small technology business es (Central and Eastern European countries); implement interstate technological pro jects, state support and control over the activities of technoparks and technopolis (EU countries).other countries); support small technology businesses (Central and Eastern European countries); implement interstate technological projects, state support and control over the activities of technoparks and technopoles (EU countries). Keywords: innovations, innovative development, innovative activity, R&D fi nancing, innovation index, world e