Етнічні процеси та відносини в Угорщині у другій половині ХVI–XVII столітті

Abstract

Political processes of XVI-XVII centuries caused the changes of demographic situation and ethnic pic- ture of Hungary. Military operations, disasters, epidemics, bad harvests, starvation, insanitariness of the cities, and other factors affected noticeable decrease of population in Hungary. Internal migrations, so-called “the great way outs” took place. Traditional network of the settlements in the central regions of the country was destroyed. Special attention is paid to the migration processes which resulted by resettlement of different nations, Serbian, Bosnian, Romanian, Ukrainian (Ruthenian), Germans etc., to Hungary. It is highlighted that the Serbs enjoyed preferred position among other non-Hungarian nations to populate the territory of the Great Hungary even regardless the fact that they failed to establish their own State Assembly and estate nation. O.Ferkov made the following conclusion — the second half of XVI - XVII centuries in Hungarian and Transylvanian history was rich on political, military, and social events to influence ethnic map of the whole Cen- | tral and Eastern Europe. Demographic changes affected decrease of population in the central regions of Hungary, . mainly populated by ethnic Hungarians. During the period sufficient internal migrations took place. There were the facts of moving in of the new nations and replenish of previously populated ethnic territories by the new- comers. The territories populated the Serbs, Ruthenians (Ukrainians), Romanians expanded during XVII century. At the same time there were no facts of ethnic conflicts. All known turmoil, rebels etc were anti-feudal, anti- Turkish, and anti-Habsburg in nature.