Медичні інноваційні технології нейтронної і нейтрон-захоплюючої терапії пухлин на базі ядерного реактора ВВР-Ц, лінійного прискорювача КГ–2,5 і нейтронного імпульсного генератора серії ІНГ

Abstract

At present time the following new medical technologies have been developed, improved, tested, used and recommended for use in health-care system: Neutron and neutron-captured therapy for head and neck tumors, breast cancer and some other neoplasms with neutrons pro­duced bу nuclear reactor of VVRc, linear accelerator KG-2.5 and pulse neutron generator of PNG family СІinicians of the Center have gained of more than 15-year experience of effective treatment of the аbovе tumors with reactor­generated neutrons. For that period the treatment was given to about 460 patients. The method саn bе used in other research centers Cellular therapy One of the promising achievements of basic science, which саn bе applied in medicine, is transplantation of stem cells and their low-differentiated progeny for replacement of damaged and aged cells. Experts expect that in the nearest 15-20 years new medical technologies based on transplantation of stem cells will bе strongly developed. The researcher of the Center have cultivated stem cells for ЗО years, they are testing the applicability of the cells to treatment of cancer and diseases, as well as tuberculosis and traumas of brain and spinal cord. Laser and photodynamic therapy Photodynamic therapy of malignant tumors of the skin and mucous membranes, upper and lower lips, tumors of female pu­dendum, lung cancer, esophagus tumors, metastases of melanoma and breast cancer is effective treatment used in the clinics of this Center. Electrolysis For Electrochemical lysis of tumors weak electrical current between two electrode implanted into the tumor is used. Such approach al\ows avoiding surgery treatment of some tumors, particularly Ьreast cancer. Now the method is used for treatment of patients suffered ftom melanoma and breast cancer Radionuclide therapy of tumors and thyrotoxicosis High effectiveness of radionuclide therapy was unquestionaЬle. In Russia aЬout 4000 thyroid cancer patients, 25000 patients experienced thyrotoxicosis, 14000 cancer patients and 7000 реорІе with disorders of Iocomotor system need such treatment annually. For а long time the method is effectively used in the center, researchers and clinicians work under its improvement. New technologies used for treatment of gynecologic diseases Now attention of clinicians is focused on study and application of drugs produced simultaneous anti-inflammatory, immuno­modulating and ceratolytic effects on papillomatous excrescence with epidermal dysplasia on coverlet of genitals, cervix uteri, vagina induced bу human papilloma virus. We found that Margyne-70 was effective for treatment of early stage of metaplasia and neoplasia of genitals induced Ьу human papilloma virus. One of the novel approach to treatment of damaged tissues following radiation therapy is use of the solution is "Conditional medium" , which is а composition of autologous endogenic cytokines produced bу stimulation of mononuclear cells of pa­tients with IL-2, the composition consists of biologically active substances as well. Glycosol is new promising preparation consisting sliver ions for treatment and prevention of infectious erosion and dysplasia, as well as earlier and late radiation-induced epitheliitis of cervix uteri and vagina. Brachytherapy of prostate cancer In the Center is used brachytherapy of prostate cancer. lt is new effective method enables radical treatment of patients with prostate cancer and concurrent diseases. А patients do not need to stay at а hospital for а long time. Screening - new technology for earlier detection of cancer and non-cancer thyroid diseases.The goal of screening is detection of thyroid disorders at the early stage of the development. Screening allowed physicians to increase detection of diseases bу 25-30 times. Due to this method tumors of their early stage of development were detected in 80% cases compared with 20% detected with conventional methods. Technology for formation of group of high risk among реорІе exposed to radiation National epidemiological registry has developed criteria for formation of groups of potential risk for unambiguous estimation of health effects of radiological catastrophe, such as the Chernobyl accident, Semipalatinsk nuc\ear tests, accident at the Ma­yak plant. This approach can bе used for rendering target medical aid to реорІе affected bу radiation.