Географічний фактор у Західній геополітиці ХІХ – першої половини ХХ століття

Abstract

This article studies geographical aspect of concepts of some authors of classical European geopolitics. In organic theory of Freedrih Ratcel the natural factor acts as stimulus of development of a civilization, the reason of domination of various kinds of activity. Karl Haushofer proves influence of the geographical conditions on an establishment of borders, their political value. Alfred Mahen the geographical position considers as one of the main conditions of sea power. Halford Makinder is confident, that geographical factors directly influence a course of historical process.