Prognosis of possible implant loss after immediate placement by the laboratorial blood analysis and evaluation of intraoperatively derived bone samples.

Abstract

Abstract Results of Cochrane systematic review has shown that even immediate or immediate-delayed implant placement could be characterized with higher risk of possible implant loss and corresponding implant-related complications compared to the delayed protocol, but in fact there is a deficiency of evidence-proved data to evaluate direct advantages and disadvantages of immediate, immediate-delayed or delayed implants placement. Objective of research was to evaluate possibility of prognosis for implant loss after immediate placement by the results of laboratorial blood analysis and intraoperatively derived bone samples. By the inclusion criteria sample of 48 patients was formed, among which 22 were males and 26 were females, who undergone procedure of immediate implant placement. Venous blood samples were collected from the patients two weeks before scheduled implantation procedure. Blood samples were analyzed by the levels of free thyroxine concentration, amount of thyrotrophic hormone, calcium level in blood plasma and activity of alkaline phosphatase. During the miniinvasive tooth extraction stage bone tissue samples were collected from the area of alveolar socket. After homogenization procedure, bone biopsy samples were studied on the amount of Gla-proteins and fibronectin. Among the group of patients with dental implants loss higher levels of free thyroxine and thyrotrophic hormone were registered, which confirms the involvement of the thyroid gland in the processes of osseointegration. In the group of patients with loss of dental implants also higher levels of free ionized calcium were determined, while there was no statistical difference among levels of total calcium and inorganic phosphate levels (P > 0.05). Findings suggest that patients with dental implant loss demonstrate lower levels of fibronectin, Gla-protein and acidic phosphatase activity compare to the patients with successful immediate implant placement results during 12 months monitoring. The multivariate correlation analysis showed that the number of rejected dental implants demonstrate a positive linear statistically significant association with values of acid phosphatase activity (P < 0.05). The outcome of this research shows that preoperative laboratorial blood analysis and intraoperative analyses of bone samples could help to determine possible risk associated with implant loss after immediate placement during 1st year of monitoring.