Choristomas of oral cavity: Origins and derivates (Literature review)

Abstract

Choristoma represents proliferation of histologically normal tissues with no neoplastic pattern but heterotopic localization. Search of literature sources associated with formulated topic of oral cavity choristomas was provided via PubMed database (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and Google Scholar search engine (https://scholar.google.com/). Search algorithm using Mesh-terms in PubMed was provided as following: ('choristoma'[MeSH Terms] OR 'choristoma'[All Fields]) AND ('mouth'[MeSH Terms] OR "mouth"[All Fields] OR 'oral'[All Fields]). 64 articles were included in this review, out of which 3 were solid literature reviews (4,69%), 16 were case reports with accompanied literature review (25,0%), 44 were case reports (68,75%), and 1 was systematic review (1,56%). Oral cavity choristomas could be developed from bone, cartilage, brain tissue, glia, gastric mucous, epidermis, and tooth-like structures, or have salivary and sebaceous gland origin. Osseous and cartilaginous types of choristomas have been the most frequently reported within available literature in the form of clinical cases and associated reviews. Choristomas of oral cavity and such of oral cavity origin, but located within other organs and systems, characterized with low level prevalence, nevertheless, risk of such lesions development should always be considered during the process of differential diagnosis. Deficiency of systematized data regarding oral cavity choristomas limiting possibilities for prognosis regarding their recurrence or potential malignization, even though only individual clinical reports demonstrating choristomas relapses after full excision and their potential for getting infected or irritated.