Lymphomaм

Abstract

Malignancies of the lymphoproliferative system can be broadly classified into Hodgkin’s lymphoma and all other lymphomas, which are termed the non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. The classification of these is complex and many different systems have been described of which the WHO REAL classified in To tumors of the immune system include Hodgkin's disease (Hodgkin's disease) and lymphocytic (non-Hodgkin) lymphoma. Lymphoma develop in the lymph nodes or lymphatic tissue parenhymatoznyh bodies. Lymphogranulomatosis occurs with a frequency of 3-4 cases per 100 000 population per year. Men suffer more (60-70% of cases). The average age of patients with Hodgkin's disease - 32 years, in other forms of lymphoma - 42 years. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies of the lymphoid system. This heterogeneity (>30 entities) stems from the functions of the lymphoid arm of the immune system, which employs various types of lymphocytes that defend the organism from external (infectious) and internal (neoplastic) threats. Malignant lymphoid cells retain many qualities of their normal counterparts (B cells to produce immunoglobulins; T cells to travel to extra nodal sites such as skin and CNS). In some instances, the boundaries between leukaemia’s and lymphomas become blurred, such as in ALL and acute lymphoblastic lymphoma, and CLL and small lymphocytic lymphoma, depending on the relative presence of a solid phase (lymphoma) versus circulating phase (leukaemia). That is why we need to acquaint with work organization and equipment of department of radial therapy in radiological department of regional oncological clinic. It is very important to know the physical and technological bases of radiotherapy, principle of work and building apparatus for radial therapy.