Іноземний капітал в банківській системі України

Abstract

У статті аналізуються сучасні аспекти іноземного інвестування перехідного періоду. В умовах глобалізації світової економіки залучення іноземного капіталу через банківську сферу вітчизняної економіки має багато переваг і відіграє дуже важливу роль. Дослідження, проведені експертами Світового банку, стверджують, що в більшості ви- падків приплив іноземного капіталу в банківський сектор може мати значний вплив на макроекономічні показники всієї економіки. Беручи до уваги політику доступу України до іноземних інвестицій, можна сказати, що нинішня політика країни в цьому питанні досить гнучка. У сучасних ринкових умовах, в умовах війни, питання іноземних інвестицій в український банківський сектор стоїть дуже гостро та дуже актуально.

A characteristic feature of the third millennium is the deepening of the globalization of economic processes and the integration of world financial systems, and the servicing of national economies by the banking system today cannot be done without the participation of foreign capital. Entry of foreign capital into the banking system of Ukraine has become an objective process of inflow of foreign investments. As world practice shows, the presence of foreign capital in the national banking systems of both industrialized and transition economies is an integral component of economic development The modern aspects of foreign investment in the transition period are analyzing in the article. In the conditions of globalization of the world economy, the attraction of foreign capital through the banking sector of the domestic economy has many advantages and plays a very important role. Studies conducted by World Bank experts claim that in most cases, the inflow of foreign capital into the banking sector can have a significant impact on the macroeconomic indicators of the entire economy. Taking into account the policy of Ukraine’s access to foreign investments, it can be said that the current policy of my country in this matter is quite flexible. In modern market conditions, in the conditions of war, the question of foreign investment in the Ukrainian banking sector is very acute and very urgent. The banking sector is stable and liquid, as it was before the crisis caused by the war. First, banks provide payment services to individuals and legal entities. Free business funds and a significant part of household savings are kept in bank accounts. These funds are used by banks to provide loans. The harmonious and uninterrupted operation of banks in wartime is more important than usual. The banking industry survived the first months of the war with minor losses thanks to the timely actions of the National Bank and banks to ensure the uninterrupted functioning of financial institutions. The economy continues to function and adapt to new conditions. Last but not least, this became possible thanks to the uninterrupted function- ing of the banking system. In the first hours of the large-scale invasion, the NBU introduced a number of measures that not only quelled panic among Ukrainians, but also restored trust in banks and increased account balances.