Конкурентна боротьба провідних ТНК на світовому ринку продуктів харчування

Abstract

У статті досліджено роль ТНК – лідерів світового господарства у сфері виробництва продуктів харчування. Визначено ключові чинники здійснення міжнародної діяльності ТНК : необхідність отримання доступу до природних ресурсів інших країн; пошук ринків збуту; прагнення підвищити ефективність своїх операцій; бажання перемогти у конкурентній боротьбі. Особливу увагу приділено аналізу основних показників діяльності передових ТНК – виробників продуктів харчування, а саме: Nestlé, PepsiCo, Anheuser-Busch InBev, JBS, Tyson Foods, Archer Daniels Midland Company, Mars, Cargill, The Coca-Cola Company, Kraft Heinz Company. Детально досліджено основні сфери діяльності перерахованих ТНК . Визначено основних ТНК – лідерів на світовому ринку продуктів харчування протягом 2015–2019 рр.

The role of TNCs - the leaders of the world economy in the field of food production is investigated in the article. During the research, the key factors for the implementation of TNC's international activities were identified: search for markets; the desire to improve the efficiency of their operations; the desire to win the competition. The article also identifies that an important qualitative criterion of TNCs is the behavior of the company, its management strategy, simultaneous orientation to the internal and external environment, relationships with its customers and competitors. Particular attention is paid to fifth generation TNCs, which began to emerge in the early 21st century, and today are the main generators and disseminators of scientific ideas and concepts. It is determined that multinational corporations actively make foreign direct investments in foreign affiliates, share technologies and thereby increase the technological level of foreign affiliates and contribute to the development of a particular branch of the economy and increase its competitiveness. It has been investigated that fifth generation TNCs are characterized by their functioning in the context of global competition, especially for TNCs, which occupy a leading position in the global food market. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of key performance indicators of advanced TNC food producers, namely: Nestlé, PepsiCo Inc. Anheuser-Busch InBev, JBS, Tyson Foods, Archer Daniels Midland Company, Mars, Cargill, The Coca-Cola Company, Kraft Heinz Company. The main areas of activity of the above-mentioned TNCs are investigated in detail. The article also identifies the major TNC leaders in the global food market during 2015-2019. It was determined that the development of economic relations between countries in the context of transnationalization of the world economy is characterized by a sharp increase in the influence of TNCs on the international division of labor. In a short time, TNCs became independent actors on the world stage at the level of nation states. Transnational corporations working in the food industry occupy a special place among them.