Особливості та перспективи розвитку фінансового ринку України

Abstract

У статті детально розглянуто фінансовий ринок України та проаналізовано його діяльність за останні кілька років від моменту настання фінансової кризи. Досліджено стан фінансового ринку України на сучасному етапі та визначено його стан на період пандемії COVID-19 у 2020–2021 рр. Виявлено, що сьогодні фінансовий ринок нашої держави знаходиться в досить критичному становищі і потребує значних вливань як із боку держави, так і з боку міжнародних інвесторів і організацій. Визначено перспективи розвитку фінансового ринку України й як варіант перспектив розвитку запропоновано фінансові інновації, які повинні поліпшити роботу фінансових установ та уряду і в підсумку позитивно вплинути на основні показники стабільності як ринку, так і економіки держави.

In this article, we examined in detail the financial market of Ukraine and analyzed its activities over the past few years, from the onset of the financial crisis to the collapse of the economy during the coronavirus crisis. We have investigated the state of the financial market of Ukraine at the present stage and determined its state for the period of the Pandemic Covid-19, which began in 2020. The main criteria by which the market analysis was carried out were operations with securities, the level of investments in the Ukrainian economy and the hryvnia exchange rate against the dollar over the past few years. We investigated that the financial market underwent a serious impact after the outbreak of the war in Eastern Ukraine in 2014, the hryvnia exchange rate changed at that time. We found that today the financial market of our state is in a rather critical situation and requires significant injections from both the state and from international investors and organizations. The Ukrainian financial market is under the great influence of international financial organizations and on whose activities its stability and positive development depends. As a result, the prospects for the development of the financial market of Ukraine were identified and, as an option, we proposed financial innovations that should improve the work of financial institutions and the government and, as a result, positively affect the main indicators of stability of both the market and the state economy. In the course of the study, it was revealed that financial innovations allow Ukrainian banks to improve and improve the quality of provided banking services, thereby creating competitive advantages not only for a number of individual banks, but also for the entire banking system as a whole. From the point of view of the development of globalization in the world financial markets, the use of financial innovations in Ukraine leads to the strengthening of the position of credit institutions in the financial market, which is especially important in the context of competition for clients between various types of financial institutions.