Фінансово-кредитні важелі у забезпеченні інвестування економіки України

Abstract

На сьогодні забезпечення соціально-економічного розвитку країни залежить від інвестиційних процесів. Але без дієвих методів і важелів фінансово-кредитної політики це надто проблематично. В статті розкрито вплив фінансово-кредитних важелів на інвестиційний процес та обґрунтовано практичні рекомендації щодо підвищення ефективності їх використання в інвестиційному процесі. В подальших дослідженнях пропонується зосередити увагу на бюджетно-податковій та грошово-кредитній політиці, які мають бути спрямовані на відтворення інвестиційного капіталу та посилення конкурентоспроможності національної економіки. Їх реалізація в сучасних умовах розвитку потребує додаткових стимулюючих та регулюючих заходів держави щодо підтримки інвестиційних процесів.

Modern science has always been focused on the research on the problem of investment into the national economy and intensification of investment processes. Investment processes play a significant role in building up investment, economic and social potential of the society. At present provision of social and economic development of the country and increase of its competitiveness at the world markets depend on the investment processes. The quicker the investment processes in the country take place, the more efficiently they facilitate market transformations and create conditions for economic growth. At the same time, modernization of production and technical facilities of industrial enterprises also accelerates. However, without effective tools, measures, methods and financial policy levers it is too problematic. The aim of the study is to highlight the impact of financial and credit levers onto the investment process and substantiate practical recommendations on the increase of efficiency of their use in the investment process. The article reveals that the state uses financial and credit levers – budget and taxation, money and credit – as the essential tools to make an impact onto the investment processes. The influence of the budget expenditures should be increased throughout the period of economic decline and decreased during the economic growth. Nevertheless, over the study period state funds along with the other money have not become a driving force for intensification of investment processes of economic entities for the national economy. Budget and taxation leverage has to restrain the deficit in the budget, reduce tax burden on the economy and facilitate financial support for investing into the country’s economy. The interest rate, reserve requirements and open market operations are the main money and credit levers to ensure investment into the economy of the country. In the further research it is suggested to focus on the budget and credit policy which should be directed at the investment capital reproduction and enhancement of the national economy competitiveness. In order to implement them in today’s development conditions, coordination of additional incentive and regulatory measures of the state concerning the support for the investment processes in the country’s economy is required.