Etiquette through the lens of english idioms

Abstract

This study investigates English idiomatic expressions functioning as vital instruments of social coordination through the framework of politeness and etiquette. Adhering to Brown and Levinson’s theory of politeness and Goffman’s concept of face, the researcher employs qualitative analysis of 36 idioms sampled from the Oxford Dictionary of Idioms. They are organized into five thematic clusters: expressions of respect and deference, markers of superiority or disdain, idioms centered on self-dignity and face-saving, phrases advocating cautious communication, and those emphasizing impartiality and shared decency. The results show that these idioms are more than just ornamental language; rather, they are practical instruments that maintain social harmony, negotiate power relations, and cement social hierarchies. Such expressions work as performative acts in social interactions and regulate interpersonal perceptions by ingraining cultural values of honor, humility, and propriety. The study emphasizes the dual nature of idioms as contextually adaptive tactics and stable linguistic forms, demonstrating their ability to maintain conventional etiquette while adapting to changing communication needs. Idioms serve as a conduit between cultural norms and personal expression, and this investigation deepens our understanding of linguistic pragmatics while providing observations relevant to intercultural communication.