Хімічний склад вод оліготрофного болота "Чорне Багно" (Закарпатська область)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the hydrochemical composition of the waters of the oligotrophic bog “Chorne Bahno”, which is located within the Transcarpathian region and is part of the National Nature Park “Zacharovany Krai”. The study of this wetland is important for the conservation of biodiversity and the maintenance of ecological balance in the region, as the bog plays a key role in water filtration and water resources regulation. The aim of the study was to analyze the physicochemical parameters of water, including total salinity, organic matter and heavy metals, as well as to study the impact of natural conditions on water quality within the study area. The authors conducted a comprehensive study of hydrochemical parameters, including biological oxygen demand (BOD5), pH, ammonium, nitrite, polyphosphate, and heavy metals. It was found that the bog waters have a low pH level, which indicates a stagnant nature of water exchange due to the accumulation of organic acids and slow decomposition of organic matter. This is typical of upland wetlands, which have a limited amount of dissolved minerals. The levels of nutrients such as ammonium, nitrite, and polyphosphate remain low, which also confirms the peculiarities of the aquatic environment. The article also analyzes the correlation of the research results with the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of hydrochemical water quality indicators, which allows us to assess the compliance of water quality with established environmental standards. Since the Chorne Bahno swamp is an important ecosystem site, its hydrochemical state has a significant impact on the stability of the ecological balance in the region. The results of the study are of great practical importance for developing measures to protect wetlands and prevent their pollution. Water quality monitoring and scientific developments in the field of hydrochemistry are necessary to ensure the preservation of natural ecosystems, the stability of the hydrological regime and the conservation of biodiversity in the Enchanted Land National Nature Park. Regular monitoring of the water resources of the Chorne Bahno bog should be continued to ensure timely response to possible environmental changes and to prevent degradation of the wetland.