Проблема біженців та їх вплив на ситуацію в ЄС після повномасштабного вторгнення Росії в Україну

Abstract

У статті здійснено порівняльний аналіз впливу біженців і нелегальних мігрантів з країн Близького Сходу та України на економічну, соціальну та політичну складові функціонування приймаючої країни. Наведено інформацію стосовно проблем асиміляції мігрантів у ЄС. На основі проведеного дослідження обґрунтовано причини провалу політики мультикультуралізму та розглянуто нові реалії міграційної політики у контексті повномасштабного вторгнення Росії в Україну та великого потоку українських біженців до країн-членів ЄС.

The multi-ethnicity of the member states of the European Union has already become a common phenomenon as economic stability, implementation of innovative technologies, quick adaptation to globalization processes and flexibility in implementing changes every year attracts people from other countries to migrate to Europe. However, this feature of the national composition of the population has repeatedly caused many problems related to the cultural heterogeneity of people living in the same territory. EU legislation has long been adapted to the multi-vector nature of the world, but whether this will lead to total assimilation of the host country with refugees is difficult to predict. In this article we examine the reason of multiculturalism policy failure, give general overview of migration situation in Europe and compare the readiness of Islamic refugees adapt to new cultural and political environment with Ukrainian refugees who fled war after February 24th. The acceptance of refugees with culture-related values and world views bring less xenophobic attitude towards Ukrainians and more opportunities to fill in the market workplaces in the EU as far as most have tertiary qualifications, know at least one foreign language with English as a priority and have experience of working in Europe-like environment as many Ukrainian companies have been oriented on Western market since 2014. Many Europeans support refugees from Ukraine and allow them to use the same medical and social services as their people have. Despite the presence of pro-Putin propaganda among the European population, the majority expresses tolerant and understanding feelings towards Ukrainian refugees who fled the country which will definitely join the EU community in the future.