Виборча система та політична культура як фактори впливу на представництво жінок у Сеймі Республіки Польща в 90-х роках XX - на початку XXI століття

Abstract

In this article the author analyses possible barriers in an institutional sphere, with which faced woman of Poland on a way to the rows of political power in the period of democratic transformations, and especially watches reasons of change of level of women’s political representation and political activity of women on parliamentary elections in 2001. Domination of traditional social values, activated, in particular, due to the intensive rhetoric of right, nationalistic parties and church, and general absence of powerful women’s movement in 90-s of the XX century, as an author discovered, became important reasons of limitation of the active bringing of women to the political sphere. However reforms of the electoral legislation, and also the best organization of women’s groups, interested in the increase of political influence of women on the beginning of the XXI century, resulted in the perceptible improvement of the state of political participation of women in RP. In addition, examination of Polish elections confirmed the generally accepted hypothesis that parties of the left wing are more inclined to place women in the electoral rolls. Chances of women in the modern Polish policy, an author summarizes, depend a considerable rank of radikalizacion of the state of the multimember system and political influence of the left parties which come forward the important subject of reproduction of egalitarian values in modern Polish society.