Quantum teleportation and Resonant Transmission of Quantum Information between Two-Level Atoms Located at Large Distance from Each Other

Abstract

The feasibility of resonance transfer of quantum information from one two-level atom to another that is at an arbitrary distance from the former one has been proved. Symmetric and antisymmetric combinations of the wave functions of individual atoms are considered. When taking into account the interatomic dipole-dipole interaction, a certain energy corresponds to each wave function. A solution has been found to a system of equations for the amplitudes of the probability that a resonance photon will be absorbed by one of the system atoms, and it has been shown that the interaction of the system with actual photons has the result that the wave function of the final state of the system can be represented as a linear combination of the functions <00|, <0n|, and <n0| corresponding to the ground and excited states of individual atoms. The amplitude of the probability of each of these states depends on the interatomic distance and on the parameters of the action of actual photons on atoms. Three types of solution to the system of equations have been investigated for the resonance and nonresonance absorption of photons and different interatomic distances. It has been shown that when atoms are at an infinite distance from one another, so that there is no dipole-dipole interaction of atoms, quantum information can be transferred from one atom to another with a characteristic time considerably shorter than the time it takes for a photon to cover the interatomic distance. This effect is referred to as the effect of quantum teleportation in a system of resonance atoms.