Художник як соціальний феномен: проблема змістовних імперативів

Abstract

Художник як соціальний тип завжди був атрибутивною ознакою суспільства. Однак його місце в суспільній ієрархії зазнавало істотних змін у процесі історичного розвитку. Не менш резонансною є проблема змістовних імперативів художника: які якості для художника є обов’язковими, за відсутності яких особливостей художник втрачає свій критеріальний ідентитет?

The artist as a social type has always been a feature of any society. However, his place in the social hierarchy was undergoing significant changes in the process of historical development. Equally resonant is the issue of artist’s content imperatives: what features are mandatory for the artist; in the absence of which features the artist loses its criterion of identity? In contrast to the artistic creation – artistic production does not create works of art but only technically reproduces them, turning them into values of culture. A real artist does not simply copy reality, but symbolizes and summarizes it by recreating its most characteristic features. The problem of artistic form is not a problem of copying real objects and attempts to find similarities with them, but an attempt to transfer information about the value of objects and phenomena. Every era of art reflects a certain general level of artistic thought. Moreover, the artists who created outstanding works also raised and solved human problems – they were ahead of their time by thinking about past times and making heuristic discoveries about the future.