IDIOMS IN THE LIGHT OF THE SPEECH ACTS THEORY

Abstract

This research investigates idiomatic expressions in English in the light of speech act theory, elucidating their pragmatic functions. Against the backdrop of the anthropocentric paradigm, linguistic dynamics are examined, focusing on the interrelation between language and thought, culture, society, and psychology. Pragmatics, as the analytical lens, emphasizes the significance of discerning communicative intent, establishing a vital connection to the illocutionary acts expressed by idiomatic expressions. The foundational theories of Austin and Searle in speech act theory provide the theoretical underpinning, accentuating the dual role of language and speech in both expressing propositions and performing actions. The authors of the article identify and analyze 48 idiomatic expressions, strategically categorizing them into representative, expressive, commissive, and directive speech acts. Among these, representative speech acts dominate, covering diverse functions such as describing, complaining, stating, concluding, and swearing. Expressive acts are used to convey various emotions embodied in the varieties of thanking, offering condolences, showing sympathy, expressing regret, and providing excuses, while commissive acts materialize in the forms of agreement or opposition. Directives, as a significant category, prompt specific actions from the interlocutor, represented by commands, requests, suggestions, advice, orders, invitations, warnings. This comprehensive analysis not only contributes to understanding the complex array of idiomatic expressions used in speech acts but also enhances our comprehension of their role and pragmatic function in communication. The findings resonate with contemporary research trends in linguistic analysis and pragmatics, revealing the pragmatic functions of idiomatic expressions within diverse speech acts. The implications of this research extend to enriching our understanding of the intricate connections between language and various facets of human experience, contributing to the linguistic analysis and pragmatics.